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research paper on asset management

  • 12 May 2020
  • Working Paper Summaries

Elusive Safety: The New Geography of Capital Flows and Risk

Examining motives and incentives behind the growing international flows of US-denominated securities, this study finds that dollar-denominated capital flows are increasingly intermediated by tax haven financial centers and nonbank financial institutions.

Stock Price Synchronicity and Material Sustainability Information

This paper seeks to understand and provide evidence on the characteristics of emerging accounting standards for sustainability information. Given that a large number of institutional investors seek sustainability data and have committed to using it, it is increasingly important to develop a robust accounting infrastructure for the reporting of such information.

Liquidity Transformation in Asset Management: Evidence from the Cash Holdings of Mutual Funds

A key function of many financial intermediaries is liquidity transformation: creating liquid claims backed by illiquid assets. To date it has been difficult to measure liquidity transformation for asset managers. The study proposes a novel measure of liquidity transformation: funds’ cash management strategies. The study validates the measure and shows that liquidity transformation by asset managers is highly dependent on the traditional and shadow banking sectors.

Replicating Private Equity with Value Investing, Homemade Leverage, and Hold-to-Maturity Accounting

This paper studies the asset selection of private equity investors and the risk and return properties of passive portfolios with similarly selected investments in publicly traded securities. Results indicate that sophisticated institutional investors appear to significantly overpay for the portfolio management services associated with private equity investments.

Invest in Information or Wing It? A Model of Dynamic Pricing with Seller Learning

Dealers who need to price idiosyncratic products--like houses, artwork, and used cars--often struggle with a lack of information about the demand for their specific items. Analyzing sales data from the used-car retail market, the authors of this paper develop a model of dynamic pricing for idiosyncratic products, showing that seller learning has an impact on pricing dynamics through a rich set of mechanisms. Overall, findings suggest a potentially high return to taking a more serious information-based approach to pricing idiosyncratic products.

Risky Business with Structured Finance

How did the process of securitization transform trillions of dollars of risky assets into securities that many considered to be a safe bet? HBS professors Joshua D. Coval and Erik Stafford, with Princeton colleague Jakub Jurek, authors of a new paper, have ideas. Key concepts include: Over the past decade, risks have been repackaged to create triple-A-rated securities. Even modest imprecision in estimating underlying risks is magnified disproportionately when securities are pooled and tranched, as shown in a modeling exercise. Ratings of structured finance products, which make no distinction between the different sources of default risk, are particularly useless for determining prices and fair rates of compensation for these risks. Going forward, it would be best to eliminate any sanction of ratings as a guide to investment policy and capital requirements. It is important to focus on measuring and judging the system's aggregate amount of leverage and to understand the exposures that financial institutions actually have. Closed for comment; 0 Comments.

Real Estate: The Most Imperfect Asset

Real estate is the largest asset class in the world—and also the most imperfect, says Harvard Business School professor Arthur Segel. He discusses trends toward institutionalization, environmentalism, and globalization. Closed for comment; 0 Comments.

How do Private Equity Fees Vary Across Public Pensions?

As state and local defined-benefit pensions increasingly shift capital from traditional asset classes to private-market investment vehicles, this analysis shows that public pensions investing in the same private-market fund can experience very different returns.

Advanced analytics in asset management: Beyond the buzz

News reports and social media have been buzzing with the notion of robots making humans obsolete in a host of industries, including asset management. Most business conversations are peppered with terms like big data and advanced analytics . Indeed, a vast intellectual ecosystem of think tanks, professorships, and consultants has emerged out of an obsession with the impact of artificial intelligence on the future of work and commerce. In 2017, there were almost 14,000 research publications in the asset-management industry that contained big data or analytics as keywords—four times the number in 2012.

Faced with this deluge of opinions and claims, it can be difficult for asset-management leaders to separate fact from fiction and to get a clear perspective on what they actually need to do differently in this new “machine age.” Five years ago, the answer would have been: “Not much.” Granted, some firms—notably hedge funds—have been pursuing analytics-driven quantitative or systematic investing for a while, but most traditional asset managers with fundamental investing teams were content to let other industries take the lead. Some were experimenting with accessing alternative sources of data and building small data-science teams, but little had been achieved at scale to alter the traditional way of delivering value in the industry.

Things are now changing. Over the last couple of years, the application of advanced analytics to specific business problems has started to deliver value for traditional asset managers —not by replacing humans but by enabling them to make better decisions quickly and consistently. A broad set of firms are embracing new analytics methods at multiple points across the asset-management value chain—and beyond the alpha-generating use cases favored by quant firms—from increased sophistication in distribution to better investment decision making to step changes in middle- and back-office productivity (Exhibit 1).

Distribution

Against a backdrop of tepid growth (US organic net flows of 1.1 percent per year between 2013 and 2018, driven almost entirely by passive strategies), asset managers have been questioning traditional “feet on the street” distribution models. Some are now using data and advanced analytics to reinvent their distribution models, while others are using these tools to turbocharge their existing distribution forces and create greater operating leverage. Regardless of the extent of the transformation, the evolution toward a more data-driven approach to sales and marketing is now well underway and continues to gain momentum. At present, asset managers are primarily applying advanced analytics to improve distribution along three main vectors:

The foundation for these use cases is a robust multidimensional data repository (Exhibit 2) on individual clients that combines the best of external (for example, third-party) and internal data (such as transaction history and customer relationship management).

Investments

On the investments side, some traditional asset managers are now engaging more fully in advanced analytics. These efforts are focused in three areas:

Not all asset managers are embracing big data and advanced analytics in the ways described above. Many trust more traditional processes. Yet, certain firms or portfolio managers are taking this seriously and have begun to make investments in these capabilities.

Middle and back offices

Advanced analytics is also being used to improve productivity in the asset management middle and back offices. As firms contend with the growing complexity of products, legal entities, vehicles, and markets, economies of scale are coming under pressure. In response, asset managers are looking for ways to increase the productivity of their middle- and back-office functions through advanced analytics-driven solutions. Two particular areas of focus are:

Markers of success

Asset managers that have extracted meaningful value from data and advanced analytics share a number of characteristics:

In the last few years, the application of advanced analytics in asset management has moved from the realm of science fiction to, simply, science. Leading firms are applying these tools and insights to improve distribution effectiveness, investment performance, and productivity in the middle and back offices. While some firms are using analytics to enhance productivity of existing practices, others are taking advantage of these new capabilities to ask more fundamental questions about their operating models. What could an analytics-driven distribution approach look like? How might research organizations change with the use of new tools and the availability of alternative sources of data? While there is still some uncertainty around the extent and pace with which analytics will impact asset management, it is our view that superior analytics capabilities will be a key driver of success in the industry going forward.

About the author(s)

Sudeep Doshi is an associate partner in McKinsey’s New York office, where Ju-Hon Kwek and Joseph Lai are partners.

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Are you reframing the future of asset management or is it reframing you?

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Hermin hologan, show resources, the question is no longer whether asset management needs to change, but what that transformation should look like..

A s 2020 began, global asset management could look back on a remarkably successful decade. But the industry’s boom years were ending. Asset management was being driven to an inflection point by a combination of structural shifts, including the transfer of responsibility for long-term savings onto individuals; the increasing emphasis on nonfinancial outcomes; the tendency for capital to flow to the cheapest products and strategies; and the impact of technology on distribution, operations and investment management.

Against this background, COVID-19 not only disrupted financial markets, but it also threw the industry’s weaknesses into focus, accelerated its tectonic shifts and created new problems. Asset managers responded fast to maintain operational resilience, reassure clients and transition to remote working. Despite the liquidity and valuation challenges posed by heightened market volatility, most fund structures, including exchange-traded funds (ETFs), performed well. Environment, social and governance (ESG) funds, fixed income and alternatives saw net inflows.

As a result, EY research shows that the industry’s largest firms enjoyed a collective growth of 14.6% in assets under management (AUM) during 2020. But a closer look shows that more than 75% of AUM growth was due to market movements, and that a handful of firms captured the bulk of net inflows. Revenue growth trailed far behind AUM growth at 3.6%, and with expenses growing by 6.1%, there was a decline of 1.7 percentage points in average operating margins.

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The years 2021–25: a challenging outlook calls for decisive action

The next five years will be much tougher for asset managers than the last five.

The COVID-19 crisis is fanning geopolitical uncertainty, and many countries could take years to recover their lost output. Monetary stimuli will keep rates low for now, but higher inflation and increase in rates cannot be ruled out. Financial markets, which diverged from the real economy during 2020, could see a correction or prolonged period of weak performance.

As a result, asset managers are likely to see investors’ demands grow to be ever more complex. Institutional investors will seek a combination of capital preservation, high yields and strong ESG performance. Retail demand for tailored solutions and ESG investing will grow too, along with advice and education. Asset managers will be forced to accelerate diversification, using alternatives to push up returns while making greater use of low-cost options, such as factor investing and enhanced beta.

Firms will also face a growing margin squeeze. Competition and regulation will erode fees in every asset class, and the shift to lower-margin strategies will also reduce income. On top of that, economic and demographic factors will reduce net inflows from historic levels of 3%–4% to around 2% per annum. At the same time, the need to invest in new products and technology will push up spending.

EY modeling shows that these trends will have dramatic effects on profitability. The base scenario for 2021–25, which assumes AUM growth of 15% over five years, expects average operating margins to decrease by 0.8 percentage points. Most firms will see profitability fall faster than this, due to the accelerating “winner takes all” phenomenon. That will make it hard for many asset managers –especially small- and medium-sized firms without a demonstrable source of differentiation – to survive in their current form. Furthermore, EY modeling shows that a pessimistic scenario (with a market correction holding AUM flat over the next five years) would lead to a 7.3 percentage point reduction in average operating margins by 2025.

Asset managers need to make significant changes to their strategies and business models if they’re to succeed in this increasingly fluid and challenging environment. Firms must pursue multiple avenues of growth; invest heavily in data and technology; and take a flexible approach to partnering, collaboration and mergers. There is also an opportunity for firms to offset margin dilution by taking action on strategic cost transformation.

Cost reduction for a typical medium-sized asset management firm

Strategic cost transformation could achieve a reduction of up to 15% in costs, enabling accelerated investment in technology and innovation.

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Components of transformation

Start with a clear idea of each firm’s role in the industry of the future.

For asset managers, successful transformation needs to start with a clear idea of each firm’s role in the industry of the future. Which clients will firms serve? How will they reach them? What investment solutions will they provide, and in what way?

Firms should then build on the changes already achieved during the pandemic, using a combination of six key strategic components to shape a multitrack growth strategy, enabled by technology and funded by strategic cost transformation. The ability to manage simultaneous, multidimensional change will be crucial.

You can explore the EY multitrack success strategy for asset managers in the graphic below. Select each track to reveal the underlying components: 

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Looking beyond 2025

See 10 ways in which asset management could be reframed by 2030.

Asset managers not only need to transform their medium-term performance. If they are to use the disruption of COVID-19 as a springboard to lasting success, they also need to begin actively preparing for the end of current industry paradigms. Firms should imagine radical but plausible scenarios, identify their strategic implications and begin planning their responses while they still have time.

EY professionals have set out 10 ways in which asset management could be reframed by 2030, depending on the enabling factors and structural features that could develop in the industry over the next decade. Firms should ask themselves, for example, how they would respond if:

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Reframing asset management

If the world is to prosper, it needs greater financial inclusion, and in turn, more effective asset management.

We believe the industry has an opportunity to rethink its future and elevate its purpose to create and protect long-term value. In our view, that means benchmarking success through four lenses:

Global asset management is at a unique moment in its evolution. Incremental change is no longer enough – decisive action is required to build on the advances already made and use COVID-19 as a positive catalyst for change.

The world will recover from the pandemic, but the needs of the future will not be the same as those of the past. Delivering lasting value has never been more important for asset managers and their stakeholders. If ever there was a moment for the industry to reframe its collective purpose, it is now.

For asset managers, successful transformation will start with a clear view of the role they want to play in the industry of the future. That means identifying which clients to serve, how to reach them, what investment outcomes to provide and how to deliver them.

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Successful transformation will start with a clear view of the role firms want to play in the asset management industry of the future. That means identifying which clients to serve, how to reach them, what investment outcomes to provide and how to deliver them.

When it comes to implementation, CEOs not only need to embed the positive changes accelerated by COVID-19; they also need to use an appropriate combination of six key strategic components to boost revenues and control costs. Winning asset management firms will adopt a multitrack growth strategy, funded by strategic cost transformation and enabled by technology.

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The Pitfalls of Asset Management Research

13 Pages Posted: 5 May 2022 Last revised: 15 Jun 2022

Campbell R. Harvey

Duke University - Fuqua School of Business; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)

Date Written: April 7, 2022

Forthcoming, Journal of Systematic Investment

Keywords: Backtesting, overfitting, p-hacking, research misconduct, research culture, performance fees, trading strategies, alpha

JEL Classification: G11, G12, G14, G17, G40, C58

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Campbell R. Harvey (Contact Author)

Duke university - fuqua school of business ( email ).

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HOME PAGE: http://www.duke.edu/~charvey

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COMMENTS

  1. Asset Management: Articles, Research, & Case Studies - HBS ...

    15 Aug 2016 Working Paper Summaries Liquidity Transformation in Asset Management: Evidence from the Cash Holdings of Mutual Funds by Sergey Chernenko and Adi Sunderam A key function of many financial intermediaries is liquidity transformation: creating liquid claims backed by illiquid assets.

  2. Assets: Articles, Research, & Case Studies on Assets– HBS ...

    15 Aug 2016 Working Paper Summaries Liquidity Transformation in Asset Management: Evidence from the Cash Holdings of Mutual Funds by Sergey Chernenko and Adi Sunderam A key function of many financial intermediaries is liquidity transformation: creating liquid claims backed by illiquid assets.

  3. Strategic Aspects of Asset Management: An Overview of Current ...

    Our key contributions are positioning strategic asset management within the vast field of asset management research, describing the nature of strategic asset management research,...

  4. (PDF) Asset Management: concepts & practices - ResearchGate

    General issues of asset management are explored in the works of I. Smirnov (2020); A. Vorotilov (2013); A. Kovalevich (2012), F. Ripol-Saragossi, E. Ternikova, S. Budylgin; Woodhouse J. (2003)...

  5. The power of asset management analytics | McKinsey

    Our work with asset managers has shown that this type of behavioral-based segmentation of clients and subsequent adaptation of sales efforts can free up 15 percent or more of existing salesforce capacity and increase sales from priority client relationships by up to 30 percent. Improving productivity through precision targeting.

  6. The EY Future of Asset Management Study | EY - US

    A s 2020 began, global asset management could look back on a remarkably successful decade. But the industry’s boom years were ending. Asset management was being driven to an inflection point by a combination of structural shifts, including the transfer of responsibility for long-term savings onto individuals; the increasing emphasis on nonfinancial outcomes; the tendency for capital to flow ...

  7. Asset Management Literature Review and Potential Applications ...

    ASSET MANAGEMENT LITERATURE REVIEW AND ... Research and Technology Implementation Office P.O. Box 5080 Austin, Texas 78763-5080 14. Sponsoring Agency Code

  8. The Pitfalls of Asset Management Research - SSRN

    The Pitfalls of Asset Management Research by Campbell R. Harvey :: SSRN Add Paper to My Library The Pitfalls of Asset Management Research 13 Pages Posted: 5 May 2022 Last revised: 15 Jun 2022 Campbell R. Harvey Duke University - Fuqua School of Business; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Date Written: April 7, 2022 Abstract